Plagiarism

Plagiarism in scientific journals occurs when authors quote, copy, or take ideas, data, or text from other sources without giving appropriate credit to the original author. The following are some common examples of plagiarism in journals:

 

Copying Word for Word (Verbatim): The writer takes paragraphs or sentences from other sources and inserts them into his writing without citing the original source. For example, if an author copies a definition from another article without quotation marks or references, this is considered plagiarism.

Example:

Original source: "Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks."

Journal article: "Cybersecurity is the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks." (without giving credit to the original source).

Paraphrasing Without Acknowledgment: The author changes the sentence structure or rearranges words from another source but does not give appropriate credit. Even though different words are used, the ideas or concepts used remain the same.

Example:

Original source: "Global warming is largely attributed to human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels."

Journal article: "Global warming is caused by human activities, especially the burning of fossil fuels." (without including a reference to the original source).

Using Data or Ideas Without Reference: The author uses research results, statistical data, or ideas from other people's research without providing appropriate sources.

Example:

The journal article included data on global temperature increases from previous research but did not include references to that research.

Self-Plagiarism: The author uses large parts of his previously published written work without providing appropriate information or references. For example, an author copies results or methodology from a previous paper into a new paper without mentioning that it comes from his own published work.

Chunk Plagiarism (Mosaic Plagiarism): The author combines sentences from various sources without quoting properly or rearranges sentences from several sources but still considers the ideas to be his own.